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Dingyi Zhuang (庄丁奕)

dingyi [AT] mit [DOT] edu

I am a Senior Machine Learning Engineer at TikTok, developing time-series forecasting and agentic AI systems for supply-chain optimization. I received my Ph.D. at MIT, advised by Prof. Jinhua Zhao, and was a member of the UrbanAI Lab. Previously, I earned my M.Eng. from McGill University with Prof. Lijun Sun and my B.Sc. in Mechanical Engineering from Shanghai Jiao Tong University with Prof. Jiangang Jin. I also conducted research at the National University of Singapore with Prof. Lee Der-Horng.

My research focuses on three directions: (1) AI Agents and Foundation Models (agentic systems, recursive self-improvement, and multimodal reasoning); (2) Intelligent Transportation and Autonomous Systems (spatiotemporal learning and autonomous driving); and (3) Trustworthy AI (uncertainty quantification, reliability and calibration, and fairness).

I spent time doing research at Bosch Center for Artificial Intelligence, Morgan Stanley Machine Learning Research Team, and Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART).

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News
Sep 2026 Our paper TopoRefine is under review at NeurIPS 2026, introducing plug-and-play discrete graph refinement for autonomous-driving topology reasoning.
Aug 2026 Released EarthVerse, a benchmark for evaluating scientific agents across dynamic Earth systems and natural hazards.
Jun 2026 Released our uncertainty-aware study of public-transit gains and spatially uneven demand changes after NYC congestion pricing.
May 2026 Paper AlphaOPT accepted at KDD 2026; also released Bridge for retrieval-augmented urban demand forecasting.
Apr 2026 Released Ozone, a unified platform for reproducible transportation research.
Apr 2026 Successfully defended my Ph.D. thesis at MIT. I am grateful to my advisor, Prof. Jinhua Zhao, and my committee.
Mar 2026 Released RiskMV-DPO for risk-controllable multi-view driving-scenario generation.
Jan 2026 TrustEnergy appeared at AAAI 2026 (AI for Social Impact, Oral).
Jun 2025 Paper "Human-guided Urban Form Generation Using Multimodal Diffusion Models" accepted at Building and Environment.
May 2025 Paper "Sparkle: Mastering Basic Spatial Capabilities in Vision Language Models" accepted at EMNLP 2025 (Findings).
Aug 2025 Paper "Sparkle: Mastering Basic Spatial Capabilities in Vision Language Models Elicits Generalization to Composite Spatial Reasoning" accepted at IJCAI MKLM Workshop as Best Paper Award.
Jun 2025 Paper "Dynamic autoregressive tensor factorization for pattern discovery of spatiotemporal systems" accepted at IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (TPAMI).
Jun 2025 Paper "Towards Foundation Model for Spatiotemporal Data Analysis" accepted at SSTD 2025 (International Symposium on Spatial and Temporal Data).
Mar 2025 Our paper "Mitigating Spatial Disparity in Urban Prediction Using Residual-Aware Spatiotemporal Graph Neural Networks" has received Best Paper Award at WWW WebsST workshop2025.
Mar 2025 Paper "Reliable lmputation of Incomplete Crash Data for Predicting Driver injury Severity" accepted at Accident Analysis & Prevention (AAP).
Feb 2025 Paper "GETS: Ensemble Temperature Scaling for Calibration in Graph Neural Networks" accepted at ICLR 2025 (Spotlight).
Feb 2025 Paper "Time Series Supplier Allocation via Deep Black-Litterman Model" accepted at AAAI 2025 (Oral).
Feb 2025 Paper "Mitigating Spatial Disparity in Urban Prediction Using Residual-Aware Spatiotemporal Graph Neural Networks" accepted at WWW 2025 and also appearing in TRB 2025.
Nov 2024 Paper "ItiNera: Integrating Spatial Optimization with Large Language Models for Open-domain Urban Itinerary Planning" accepted at EMNLP 2024 (Industry Track), also KDD UrbComp 2024 Best Paper.
Oct 2024 Presented "Quantifying Uncertainty: Advancing Robustness, Reliability, and Fairness in AI-Driven Transportation Demand Modeling" at INFORMS 2024.
Aug 2024 Paper "Uncertainty-aware Probabilistic Graph Neural Networks for Road-level Traffic Crash Prediction" accepted at Accident Analysis & Prevention (AAP) 2024.
Jun 2024 Presented "Uncertainty Quantification on Sparse Spatiotemporal Data Prediction" at Machine Learning Seminar, Morgan Stanley.
Jun 2024 Started my internship at Morgan Stanley advised by Majid Behbahani
Mar 2024 Paper "SAUC: Sparsity-Aware Uncertainty Calibration for Spatiotemporal Prediction with Graph Neural Networks" accepted at SIGSPATIAL 2024 (Oral), also Spotlight talk at TGL Workshop, NeurIPS 2023.
Oct 2023 Paper "Uncertainty Quantification via Spatial-Temporal Tweedie Model for Zero-inflated and Long-tail Travel Demand Prediction" accepted at CIKM 2023.
Oct 2023 Presented "Modeling Multi-perspective Nature of Urban Dynamics" at the Allen Turing Institute.
Oct 2023 Presented "Modeling Multi-perspective Nature of Urban Dynamics" at The Space Time Lab, University College London.
Oct 2023 Presented "Sparsity-Aware Uncertainty Calibration for Spatiotemporal Prediction with Graph Neural Networks" at The Bartlett Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis, UCL.
Jul 2023 Presented "Uncertainty Quantification of Sparse Trip Demand Prediction" at Lyft.
Jul 2023 Presented "Deep Hybrid Model with Urban Road Network for Travel Demand Analysis" at the Transit Data Section, WCTR 2023.
May 2023 Presented "Deep Hybrid Model with Urban Road Network" at the MIT Mobility Initiative Forum.
Apr 2023 Presented "Uncertainty Quantification of Sparse Trip Demand Prediction" at the Urban Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, University of Florida.
Feb 2023 Presented "Deep Hybrid Model with Urban Road Network for Travel Demand Analysis" at CEE Research Days, MIT Media Lab.
Oct 2022 Presented "Uncertainty Quantification of Sparse Trip Demand Prediction" at the College of Computer Science, Sichuan University.
Aug 2022 Paper "Uncertainty Quantification of Sparse Travel Demand Prediction with Spatial-Temporal Graph Neural Networks" accepted at KDD 2022 (Oral).


Research ( Show Selected / Show All by Date )

For a complete list of publications, please visit my Google Scholar page. Select a research direction below to explore related research outputs.

Selected publications


(*): Equal contribution

TopoRefine training and inference framework for discrete driving topology graph refinement
Rethinking Driving Topology Reasoning: Plug-and-Play Discrete Graph Refinement
Dingyi Zhuang*, Xiaoqi Wang*, David Paz, Wenbin He, Jinhua Zhao, Liu Ren
[NeurIPS]
Under Review 2026
OpenReview |
EarthVerse benchmark construction workflow
EarthVerse: Benchmarking Scientific Agents Across Dynamic Earth Systems and Natural Hazards
Zhiqing Cui, Xinxiang Yin, Yihong Tang, Xinglang Zhang, Yuanzhe Hu, Siru Zhong, Weidong Tang, Yuxuan Liang, Weijia Li, Ming Jin, Shirui Pan, Yuhao Kang, Dingyi Zhuang, Jinhua Zhao
[arXiv]
Preprint 2026
arXiv | project | code |
Uncertainty-aware counterfactual forecasting framework for NYC congestion pricing
Public Transit Gains and Spatially Uneven Travel Demand Changes after NYC Congestion Pricing
Donghang Li*, Dingyi Zhuang*, Yunlin Li, Chenan Shen, Nina Cao, Yunhan Zheng, Shenhao Wang, Jinhua Zhao
[arXiv]
Preprint 2026
arXiv |
Bridge retrieval-augmented spatiotemporal forecasting framework
Bridge: Retrieval-Augmented Spatiotemporal Modeling for Urban Delivery Demand
Yihong Tang, Tong Nie, Junlin He, Qianjun Huang, Dingyi Zhuang, Lijun Sun
[arXiv]
Preprint 2026
arXiv |
Five-layer architecture of the Ozone transportation research platform
Ozone: A Unified Platform for Transportation Research
Ou Zheng, Ruyi Feng, Yufeng Yang, Shengxuan Ding, Lishengsa Yue, Ye Li, Yunhan Zheng, Minwei Kong, Dingyi Zhuang, Ao Qu, Zhibin Li, Meng Li, Dongjie Wang, Wangyang Ying
[arXiv]
Preprint 2026
arXiv |
RiskMV-DPO risk-controllable multi-view driving scenario generation framework
Risk-Controllable Multi-View Diffusion for Driving Scenario Generation
Hongyi Lin, Wenxiu Shi, Heye Huang, Dingyi Zhuang, Song Zhang, Yang Liu, Xiaobo Qu, Jinhua Zhao
[arXiv]
Preprint 2026
arXiv |
TrustEnergy spatiotemporal learning and uncertainty calibration framework
TrustEnergy: A Unified Framework for Accurate and Reliable User-level Energy Usage Prediction
Dahai Yu, Rongchao Xu, Dingyi Zhuang, Yuheng Bu, Shenhao Wang, Guang Wang
[AAAI]
AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AI for Social Impact (Oral) 2026
arXiv |
Think Before You Drive: World Model-Inspired Multimodal Grounding for Autonomous Vehicles
Haicheng Liao, Huanming Shen, Bonan Wang, Yongkang Li, Yihong Tang, Chengyue Wang, Dingyi Zhuang, Kehua Chen, Hai Yang, Chengzhong Xu, Zhenning Li
Under Review
2025
arXiv |
TimePre: Bridging Accuracy, Efficiency, and Stability in Probabilistic Time-Series Forecasting
Lingyu Jiang*, Lingyu Xu*, Peiran Li, Qianwen Ge, Dingyi Zhuang, Shuo Xing, Wenjing Chen, Xiangbo Gao, Ting-Hsuan Chen, Xueying Zhan, Xin Zhang, Ziming Zhang, Zhengzhong Tu, Michael Zielewski, Kazunori Yamada, Fangzhou Lin
Under Review
2025
arXiv |
AlphaOPT: Formulating Optimization Programs with Self-Improving LLM Experience Library
Minwei Kong, Ao Qu, Xiaotong Guo, Wenbin Ouyang, Chonghe Jiang, Han Zheng, Yining Ma, Dingyi Zhuang, Yuhan Tang, Junyi Li, Shenhao Wang, Haris Koutsopoulos, Hai Wang, Cathy Wu, Jinhua Zhao
[KDD]
ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining 2026
arXiv |
From Patchwork to Network: A Comprehensive Framework for Demand Analysis and Fleet Optimization of Urban Air Mobility
Xuan Jiang, Xuanyu Zhou, Yibo Zhao, Shangqing Cao, Dingyi Zhuang, Jinhua Zhao, Haris Koutsopoulos, Shenhao Wang, Mark Hansen, Raja Sengupta
Under Review
2025
arXiv |
Human-guided Urban Form Generation Using Multimodal Diffusion Models
Mengyi He, Yuxuan Liang, Shenhao Wang, Yunhan Zheng, Qingyi Wang, Dingyi Zhuang, Longxu Tian, Jinhua Zhao
[Building & Environment]
Building and Environment 2025
UQGNN multiscale probabilistic spatiotemporal prediction framework
UQGNN: Uncertainty Quantification of Graph Neural Networks for Multivariate Spatiotemporal Prediction
Dahai Yu, Dingyi Zhuang, Lin Jiang, Rongchao Xu, Xinyue Ye, Yuheng Bu, Shenhao Wang, Guang Wang
[SIGSPATIAL]
ACM SIGSPATIAL 2025
arXiv |
Interpretable Time Series Autoregression for Periodicity Quantification
Xinyu Chen, Vassilis Digalakis Jr, Lijun Ding, Dingyi Zhuang, Jinhua Zhao
Under Review
2025
Reliable imputation of incomplete crash data for predicting driver injury severity
Xiaowei Gao, Xinke Jiang, Dingyi Zhuang, James Haworth, Shenhao Wang, Ilya Ilyankou, Huanfa Chen
[AAP]
Accident Analysis and Prevention 2025
Dynamic Autoregressive Tensor Factorization for Pattern Discovery of Spatiotemporal Systems
Xinyu Chen, Dingyi Zhuang, HanQin Cai, Shenhao Wang, Jinhua Zhao
[TPAMI]
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 2025
paper |
Towards Foundation Model for Spatiotemporal Data Analysis
Yuankai Wu, Xinyu Chen, Dingyi Zhuang
[SSTD 2025]
International Symposium on Spatial and Temporal Data 2025
paper |
Reimagining Urban Science: Scaling Causal Inference with Large Language Models
Yutong Xia*, Ao Qu*, Yunhan Zheng, Yihong Tang, Dingyi Zhuang, Yuxuan Liang, Shenhao Wang, Cathy Wu, Lijun Sun Roger Zimmermann, Jinhua Zhao
Under review 2025
arXiv |
GETS: Ensemble Temperature Scaling for Calibration in Graph Neural Networks
Dingyi Zhuang*, Chonghe Jiang*, Yunhan Zheng, Shenhao Wang, Jinhua Zhao
[ICLR 2025]
International Conference on Learning Representations 2025 Spotlight
arXiv | code | OpenReview |
Time Series Supplier Allocation via Deep Black-Litterman Model
Xinke Jiang*, Wentao Zhang*, Yuchen Fang*, Xiaowei Gao, Hao Chen, Haoyu Zhang, Dingyi Zhuang, Jiayuan Luo,
[AAAI 2025]
Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence 2025 Oral presentation
arXiv | code | poster | slides |
Mitigating Spatial Disparity in Urban Prediction Using Residual-Aware Spatiotemporal Graph Neural Networks: A Chicago Case Study
Dingyi Zhuang, Hanyong Xu, Xiaotong Guo, Yunhan Zheng, Shenhao Wang, Jinhua Zhao
[WWW 2025]
Companion Proceeding of the ACM Web Conference at the International Workshop on Spatio-Temporal Data Mining from the Web 2025 Best Paper Award
Also at Transportation Research Board 2025
arXiv |
ItiNera: Integrating Spatial Optimization with Large Language Models for Open-domain Urban Itinerary Planning
Yihong Tang*, Zhaokai Wang*, Ao Qu*, Yihao Yan*, Zhaofeng Wu, Dingyi Zhuang, Jushi Kai, Kebing Hou, Xiaotong Guo, Jinhua Zhao, Zhan Zhao, Wei Ma,
[EMNLP 2024]
Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing Industry Track 2024
Also at KDD UrbComp 2024 Best Paper Award
arXiv | code | poster | best paper award | WeChat Official Accounts Report (Chinese) |
Uncertainty-aware Probabilistic Graph Neural Networks for Road-level Traffic Crash Prediction
Xiaowei Gao, Xinke Jiang, James Haworth, Dingyi Zhuang, Shenhao Wang, Huanfa Chen
[AAP]
Accident Analysis & Prevention 2024
arXiv | code |
Uncertainty Quantification of Sparse Travel Demand Prediction with Spatial-Temporal Graph Neural Networks
Dingyi Zhuang, Shenhao Wang, Haris N Koutsopoulos, Jinhua Zhao
[KDD 2022]
International Conference on Knowledge Discovery in Databases 2022 Oral presentation
arXiv | code | slides |
Uncertainty Quantification via Spatial-Temporal Tweedie Model for Zero-inflated and Long-tail Travel Demand Prediction
Xinke Jiang, Dingyi Zhuang, Xianghui Zhang, Hao Chen, Jiayuan Luo, Xiaowei Gao,
[CIKM 2023]
Conference on Information and Knowledge Management 2023
arXiv | code |
SAUC: Sparsity-Aware Uncertainty Calibration for Spatiotemporal Prediction with Graph Neural Networks
Dingyi Zhuang, Yuheng Bu, Guang Wang, Shenhao Wang, Jinhua Zhao
[SIGSPATIAL 2024]
ACM International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems 2024Oral presentation
Also at Temporal Graph Learning Workshop @ NeurIPS 2023 Spotlight talk
arXiv | code | slideslive |
Prompt-based large language model framework for travel behavior prediction
Large Language Models for Travel Behavior Prediction
Baichuan Mo, Hanyong Xu, Ruoyun Ma, Jung-Hoon Cho, Dingyi Zhuang, Xiaotong Guo, Jinhua Zhao
[TRIP]
Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives 2026
paper | arXiv |
Inductive Graph Neural Networks for Spatiotemporal Kriging
Yuankai Wu, Dingyi Zhuang, Aurelie Labbe, Lijun Sun
[AAAI 2021]
Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence 2021
arXiv | code | Youtube |
The Braess's Paradox in Dynamic Traffic
Dingyi Zhuang, Yuzhu Huang, Vindula Jayawardana, Jinhua Zhao, Dajiang Suo, Cathy Wu
[ITSC 2022]
IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference 2022
arXiv | slides | video |
From Compound Word to Metropolitan Station: Semantic Similarity Analysis using Smart Card Data
Dingyi Zhuang, Siyu Hao, Lee Der-Horng, Jiangang Jin
[TR-Part C]
Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 2020
paper | slides |
Uncertainty Quantification of Spatiotemporal Travel Demand with Probabilistic Graph Neural Networks
Qingyi Wang, Shenhao Wang, Dingyi Zhuang, Haris N Koutsopoulos, Jinhua Zhao
[T-ITS]
IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 2024
arXiv |
Sparkle: Mastering Basic Spatial Capabilities in Vision Language Models Elicits Generalization to Composite Spatial Reasoning
Yihong Tang*, Ao Qu*, Zhaokai Wang*, Dingyi Zhuang*, Zhaofeng Wu, Wei Ma, Shenhao Wang, Yunhan Zheng, Zhan Zhao, Jinhua Zhao
[EMNLP 2025]
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2025 2025
arXiv |
Virtual Nodes Improve Long-term Traffic Prediction
Xiaoyang Cao, Dingyi Zhuang, Jinhua Zhao, Shenhao Wang
Under review 2025
arXiv |
Fairness-enhancing demand prediction and vehicle rebalancing framework
Fairness-Enhancing Vehicle Rebalancing in the Ride-hailing System
Xiaotong Guo, Hanyong Xu, Dingyi Zhuang, Yunhan Zheng, Jinhua Zhao
[arXiv]
Preprint 2023
arXiv |
ST-GIN graph attention and bidirectional recurrent imputation framework
ST-GIN: An Uncertainty Quantification Approach in Traffic Data Imputation with Spatio-temporal Graph Attention and Bidirectional Recurrent United Neural Networks
Zepu Wang, Dingyi Zhuang, Yankai Li, Jinhua Zhao, Peng Sun, Shenhao Wang, Yulin Hu
[ITSC]
IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems 2023
arXiv |
Fairness-enhancing Deep Learning for Ride-hailing Demand Prediction
Yunhan Zheng, Qingyi Wang, Dingyi Zhuang, Shenhao Wang, Jinhua Zhao
[OJITS]
IEEE Open Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems 2023
arXiv |
A Universal Framework of Spatiotemporal Bias Block for Long-term Traffic Forecasting
Fuqiang Liu, Jiawei Wang, Jingbo Tian, Dingyi Zhuang, Luis Miranda-Moreno, Lijun Sun
[T-ITS]
IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 2022
paper |
Low-rank Hankel Tensor Completion for Traffic Speed Estimation
Xudong Wang, Yuankai Wu, Dingyi Zhuang, Lijun Sun
[T-ITS]
IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 2021
arXiv |
Spatial Aggregation and Temporal Convolution Networks for Real-time Kriging
Yuankai Wu, Dingyi Zhuang, Mengying Lei, Aurelie Labbe, Lijun Sun
[arXiv]
Preprint 2021
arXiv | code |
Advancing Transportation Mode Share Analysis with Built Environment: Deep Hybrid Models with Urban Road Network
Dingyi Zhuang, Qingyi Wang, Yunhan Zheng, Xiaotong Guo, Shenhao Wang, Haris N Koutsopoulos, Jinhua Zhao
Under review 2024
arXiv |
Understanding the Bike Sharing Travel Demand and Cycle Lane Network: The Case of Shanghai
Dingyi Zhuang, Jiangang Jin, Yifan Shen, Wei Jiang
[IJST]
International Journal of Sustainable Transportation 2021
paper |
Selected Awards
UPS PhD Fellowship, MIT (2025)
Best Paper Award, KDD Urban Computing Workshop (2024)
CIRRELT Excellence Scholarships (Master's), CIRRELT (2020)
Graduate Excellence Fellowship, McGill University (2019 & 2021)
Hsue-shen Tsien Class, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (2019)
Chungtsung Scholarship, Hui-Chun Chin and Tsung-Dao Lee Chinese Undergraduate Research Endowment (2017)
First Prize (1/135), Chinese Big Data Innovation Application and Modeling Contest (2017)
Eleme Scholarship, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (2016 & 2017)
Excellent Student, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (2016)
Service
Conference Reviewer ICLR, TRB, IEEE ITSC
Journal Reviewer IEEE T-IST, IEEE IoT, IET ITS, JCGS, IEEE TNNLs, TR-Part C, Journal of Cleaner Production, Neurocomputing, TGEI, TGSI, International Journal of Digital Earth, Geocarto International, Geo-spatial Information Science, Transportation Research Record
Organizing MIT JTL Urban Mobility Lab Seminar
Students Mentored
Graduate Students Jinghan Xu (KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2026)
Zeyuan Niu (Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2025)
Yifeng Liu (MIT, 2024)
Yunlin Li (University of Oxford, 2025)
Chonghe Jiang (Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2024 → Ph.D. at MIT)
Yihong Tang (University of Hong Kong, 2024 → Ph.D. at McGill University)
Zepu Wang (UPenn, 2023 → Ph.D. at University of Washington)
Undergraduate Students Zhiqing Cui (Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 2026)
Chenshuo Li (Sichuan University, 2025)
Xiaoyang Cao (Tsinghua University, 2024 → Ph.D. at MIT)
Xiaoyu Yan (Zhejiang University, 2023 → Ph.D. at Northwestern University)
Peisen Li (Tsinghua University, 2023 → Ph.D. at University of Michigan)
Teaching
1.041/1.200/11.544: Transportation Systems Modeling: Teaching Assistant, MIT, Spring 2023 and 2024.
Visitors
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